Population and Politic in Iran. From Monarchy to Islamic Republic ‫Jamiyat va siyâsat dar iran az machrouteh ta joumhouriy-e eslami Population et politique en Iran De la monarchie à la République islamique En Fa Fr

Résumé En

The international sympathy towards Iranian Revolution in its beginnings in 1979 transformed very quickly into confusion and then into repulsion and reject. Describes as “fundamentalists”, the leaders of the new regime seemed clearly hostile to the modernization process begun in Iran few years before and even capable of stopping this process. To verify if the Revolution and the Islamic Republic actually interrupted a preexistent process of modernization and also to evaluate their true importance, the author analyzed the evolution of society and of social behaviors through various demographic phenomena and particularly through fertility. The results of research show that the fertility transition begun and accelerated under Islamic Republic, therefore illustrating society’s capacity to invent its own modernity in spite of seemingly unfavorable political and juridical contexts. Moreover, renewal of political sphere, linked directly to revolutionary experience, follows, the same logic as the fertility transition: change of women’s status, evolution of family’s social behavior and structure. By this paradoxical modernization under Republic Islamic, Iranian society confirms not only the autonomy of its dynamics from the political sphere but it reveals also its capacity to influence this sphere and to impose to it the rhythm and nature of its own process of modernization.