Feminism in the Maghreb: Between Islamism and secularism

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This article deals with the women’s movement, more particularly feminism in the Maghreb within a broader socio-political approach and using the theory of intersectionality. The emergence of women’s activism is a response to the gender-based discrimination in the region. The role of women’s organizations (liberal and Islamist alike) in the struggle against gender inequalities is remarkable concerning their efforts to consolidate democracy and social justice and to challenge traditional thinking and practices of governance. While secular women struggle for a liberal societal project, Islamist women’s associations work within the framework of Islam and aim at the Islamization of society. Globally, the women’s movement in the region endeavours to promote women’s empowerment through education, employment, awareness, and political participation. Women’s activism is essential to modernization and democratization, for it has significantly contributed to women’s political participation and to the advance of civil society and democratic culture. Secular women's groups rallied to progressive and democratic forces, while Islamist feminists joined Islamist parties, and subsequently obtained significant social and political gains. Further measures in favor of protecting women’s rights are badly needed to guarantee their empowerment and contribution to the development and democratization.