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2006
- handle: 10670/1.ktjl3y
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Gerald Fogarty, « Leo XIII and the Church in the United States », Publications de l'École Française de Rome, ID : 10670/1.ktjl3y
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Résumé
The beginning of Leo XIII’s pontificate coincided with a new era for the Church in the United States. For Leo, the church across the ocean was an enigma. It was flourishing ; yet it existed in a religiously pluralistic republic that caused European suspicion. Its bishops were loyal to the Holy See ; yet they denied canonical rights to their priests. Under the system of clerical discipline adopted for the American Church at the Second Plenary Council in 1866, a priest had no tenure in office and, if he protested his transfer or removal, he was to be suspended until his case was heard by the diocesan consultors. During Leo’s pontificate, the American Church experienced the first Roman centralization that ended the earlier collegial spirit among its bishops. This paper will look at three major events in which Leo initiated that process of centralization : 1) the Third Plenary Council ; 2) the appointment of the first apostolic delegate ; and 3) the condemnation of Americanism.