Assessing the stakeholder support for different biofuel options in France by 2030 using the range-based Multi Actor Multi Criteria Analysis framework

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Over the years, the benefits of biofuel deployment have been widely criticized, whether in terms of economic development or socio-environmental impacts. To help decision makers in implementing sustainable biofuel policy in France by 2030, this study evaluates the support of French stakeholders for different biofuel options. The range-based Multi Actor Multi Criteria Analysis (MAMCA), explicitly considers the different and occasionally conflicting stakeholders’ objectives (feedstock producers, biofuel producers, refining industry, fuel distributors, end-users, car manufacturers, government and non-governmental organizations). It also provides an exploratory scenario approach that considers the uncertainty about the context evolution and the biofuels’ impacts. The range-based MAMCA identifies the pros and cons of biofuels for each stakeholder group, which helps in implementing additional policy measures to comply with their heterogeneous needs.