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1 septembre 2021
- handle: 10670/1.mzmji6
- hal: hal-03389151
- SCIENCESPO: 2441/5msrbb0rie9sjq3c4ejgb2v91o
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/hdl/2441/5msrbb0rie9sjq3c4ejgb2v91o
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/ , info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
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José de Sousa et al., « From Micro to Macro Gender Differences: Evidence from Field Tournaments », HAL-SHS : économie et finance, ID : 10670/1.mzmji6
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We document that women compete worse against men in field tournaments in over 150 countries and across all ages. Our field setting is the game of chess and we benefit from a large and rich dataset to investigate the robustness and heterogeneity of our uncovered gender differences in competition. We find a macro gender gap in every country: there are fewer female than male players, especially at the top, and women have lower average rankings. Moreover, comparing millions of individual games, we find a small but robust micro gender gap: women’s scores are about 2% lower than expected when playing a man rather than a woman with an identical rating, age and country. Using a simple theoretical model, we show how this small micro gap may affect women’s long-run human-capital formation. By reducing effort and increasing the probability of quitting, both effects accumulate to explain a larger share of the macro gap.