U.S. Students in Mexican Schools, Gaps and Challenges for Inclusion. Ethnographic Contributions from Oaxaca, Mexico

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This article analyzes the enrollment of U.S.-born minors of Mexican origin in schools in the state of Oaxaca, one of the Mexican states most affected by the return of Mexican migrants due to the Trump administration’s tightened immigration policy. The results presented in this study have been obtained through a qualitative methodology using the techniques of participant and non-participant observation, interviews, discussion groups, and documentary analysis. The target population is made up of U.S. students between 12 and 17 years of age enrolled in middle and high schools. The findings show the presence of different elements of exclusion such as the absence of diagnostic tests and programs for teaching Spanish and for leveling study content learning. This means that these children go through differentiated school trajectories due to their immigration status, which causes social and educational exclusion and has important consequences for their present and future lives.