Croissance et réduction de la pauvreté dans les pays en développement et les pays en transition

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Title – Growth and Poverty Reduction in Developing and Transition Countries Abstract – The aim of the paper is to evaluate economic growth rates required in differentes regions of the world to reach the millenium development goal of halving global poverty rate by 2015. Current situation of poverty is briefly presented in the first part of the paper. The second part investigates the link amongst economic growth, inequality, and poverty reduction. Studying 99 episodes of growth or economic recession, we show that the greater the initial inequality the lower the elasticity of poverty to growth, and the higher the initial economic development the higher the elasticity. Based on these results, we evaluate that the per capita growth rate required to reach the millenium development goal in African, Asian and Latin American countries is around 50 %, much lower for Eastern European countries and the Middle East.