4 février 2013
https://www.openedition.org/12554 , info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Marianna D. Birnbaum, « Chapter 5. Gracia and Jewish patronage in sixteenthcentury Ferrara », Central European University Press, ID : 10670/1.ruui93
Beginning in February 1493, when Ercole I Este admitted 21 Spanish-Jewish families, until the state fell under the direct dominion of the Church a century later, many European Jews found a haven in Ferrara. The Jewish community developed rapidly under the dukes, who needed credit from moneylenders, the first Jews to have been admitted. Later, Jewish residents participated actively in community life as manufacturers, traders, and retailers. In order to cover the expense of his lavish lifestyle...