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15 mai 2024
- handle: 10670/1.uhet85
- hal: hal-04591302
- doi: 10.1080/13621025.2024.2355157
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1080/13621025.2024.2355157
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
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National citizenship Birthright citizenship Citizenship (International law) Nationality (Citizenship) Citizenship--Law and legislationCiter ce document
Benjamin Boudou, « Heroic citizenship », HAL-SHS : sciences politiques, ID : 10.1080/13621025.2024.2355157
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This paper examines the issue of heroism as a sufficient condition for the acquisition of citizenship. I define heroism as exceptional, supererogatory, and risky acts of altruism and heroic citizenship as the reward for a heroic action carried out by a non-citizen resident of membership rights. I mobilize in particular the case of Mamoudou Gassama, ‘the Spiderman of Paris’, who was naturalized by the French President in 2018 after saving a child. While such positive outcomes for people in precarious legal and political situations are valuable, I provide a critical analysis of the ideological scaffolding and political meaning of heroic citizenship, i.e. how it is publicly justified and practiced. I argue that heroic citizenship constitutes a fiat of citizenship that reproduces a problematic picture of citizenship, relying on three ideological tropes: nationalism, sovereigntism, and moralism. Heroic citizenship represents the other side of a broader policy trend that has transformed citizenship into a privilege to earn.