Paysage géomorphologique, patrimoine socio-culturel et développement sur les hautes terres de l’Adamaoua au Cameroun

Résumé En Fr

The Adamaoua highlands (6 and 8° North, 11 and 15° East) have a moderate climate as compared to that of the rest of the great North-Cameroon. The highest point of this land-form is on the Tchabbal Mbabbo massif at the altitude of 2460 m. They are constituted of many natural tourism sites like mountains covered with Savanna and Clear forest, steep slopes and under ground caves which some of them like that of the Djim mountains in the Nyem Nyem village (many meters long) have guided the installation of people and fashioned their culture. There are also mountains with rock blocs on their slopes and volcanic lakes as that of Mbalang, falls as that of Tello and Vina. In some of these sites, live some rare species of tropical animals and birds. But, this geographical milieu, single in Cameroon because it gathers on less than 69 000 km2 more than 60 tourism sites with 45 natural ones, do not yet contribute to Cameroon economy because of mismanagement. permanent reserve of water surface. The water management is problematic as in the other villages of Mossi tableland. The bad running of installations is obvious : 28 % of drillings are out of order. They are managed by committees (CPE) which do not even sustain their parts. The funds often lack to face the possible repairs and maintenance. As for the barrage management, there is no co-ordination structure. The sudden awareness of the reserve of water surface as a natural patrimony for a sahelian village, nevertheless tends to make the situation evolve. A committee for water barrage management is now being created. The fundamental difficulty for the CPE is the non-payment of water users. The causes are multiple : lack of money, decay of installations, conflicts between water users, water price as well as some socio-cultural factors. The water often remains for the villagers a divine property, therefore public and free. Some solutions are considered but remain difficult to put into practice. It is then primordial that the villagers feel responsible for their waterholes to allow village to tend towards a sustainable water management. The entire stakes of today and tomorrow depend on adequacy of all the elements and actors intervening in water management.

Situé entre 6-8 °N et 11 — 15 °E, l’Adamaoua camerounais jouit d’un climat très doux par rapport au reste du grand Nord-Cameroun. Son relief culmine à 2 460 m sur le Tchabbal (massif) Mbabo. Il dispose de plusieurs sites touristiques naturels notamment les massifs et les plaines couvertes de forêt claire et de savane arborée, les escarpements et les grottes dont certaines ont guidé l’installation des peuples et ont façonné leur culture. A ces formes, s’ajoutent les chaos de blocs rocheux, les cônes volcaniques, leurs lacs de cratères, les chutes d’eau. Dans certains de ces lieux touristiques vivent des espèces d’animaux et d’oiseaux tropicaux devenus rares. Toutefois, ce cadre géographique, unique au Cameroun parce que regroupant, sur moins de 70 000 km2, plus de 60 sites touristiques dont 45 naturels, ne contribue pas encore au développement de la région du fait de l'absence des aménagements.