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5 juin 2022
- handle: 10670/1.vvqrvd
- isbn: 978-3-030-84266-6
- hal: hal-03996104
- doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-84266-6_3
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/978-3-030-84266-6_3
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Marc Calvet et al., « Cenozoic transformations of the Mountain Range: Evidence from Denudation Chronology and Landforms », HALSHS : archive ouverte en Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société, ID : 10.1007/978-3-030-84266-6_3
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This chapter focuses on the Neogene evolution of the Pyrenean mountain range. Based on methods of denudation chronology and landform analysis, the transition from the ancestral (Paleogene) to the modern Pyrenees is analysed. During the ~25 Ma following the definitive relaxation of tectonic convergence, the sediment record reveals a state of transience in which rates of crustal deformation and crustal denudation were neither steady through time at any given location, nor spatially uniform. Transience is also encoded in landform assemblages within the mountain range, whether in the Axial Zone or the outer fold belts. Slope systems, interfluve summits and valleys responded in characteristic ways to relative lulls in the history of crustal deformation, and/or were at certain places buffered from base-level changes. The mountain landscape, accordingly, consists of (i) a mosaic of range-top, low-gradient erosion surfaces of varying sizes and states of conservation, often in abrupt juxtaposition with (ii) a population of younger incisional landforms, themselves displaying evidence of successive stages of downcutting and drainage reorganisation such as dry valleys, wind gaps, mountain-flank pediments and rock benches. All are situated above (iii) staircases of Quaternary alluvial terraces, fans and debris cones. The entire landscape evolution sequence was driven by post-orogenic regional uplift and was enhanced more locally by active fault tectonics.