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2024
- handle: 10670/1.wyi9b6
- hal: hal-04447509
- doi: 10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101722
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101722
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
Mots-clés
Urban Economics Land Use - Transport Integrated Models Fuel Taxation Emission Mitigation Redistributive Impacts Housing Markets C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C6 - Mathematical Methods • Programming Models • Mathematical and Simulation Modeling/C.C6.C63 - Computational Techniques • Simulation Modeling H - Public Economics/H.H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue/H.H2.H23 - Externalities • Redistributive Effects • Environmental Taxes and Subsidies Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q5 - Environmental Economics/Q.Q5.Q54 - Climate • Natural Disasters and Their Management • Global Warming R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics/R.R1 - General Regional Economics/R.R1.R13 - General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies R - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics/R.R1 - General Regional Economics/R.R1.R14 - Land Use PatternsSujets proches
Transportation industry Transport Transportation companies Transportation--Economic aspects Transportation, Primitive Public transportation Urban housing Homes Slum clearance Housing needs Housing--Social aspects Houses Affordable housing Residences Science of climate Climate Climate scienceCiter ce document
Charlotte Liotta et al., « Climate policy and inequality in urban areas: Beyond incomes », HAL-SHS : économie et finance, ID : 10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101722
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Résumé
Opposition to climate policies is partly due to their impacts on inequality. But with most economic studies focused on income inequalities, the quantitative spatial effect of economic climate policy instruments is poorly understood. Here, using a model derived from the standard urban model of urban economics, we simulate a fuel tax in Cape Town, South Africa, decomposing its impacts by income class, housing type, and location, and over different timeframes, assuming that agents gradually adapt. We find that in the short term, there are both income and spatial inequalities, with low-income households or suburban dwellers more negatively impacted. These inequalities persist in the medium and long terms, as the poorest households, living in informal or subsidized housing, have few or no ways to adapt to fuel price increases by changing housing type, size or location, or transportation mode. Lowincome households living in formal housing are also impacted by the tax over the long term due to complex effects driven by competition with richer households in the housing market. Complementary policies promoting a flexible labor market, affordable public transportation, or subsidies that help lowincome households live closer to employment centers will be key to the social acceptability of climate policies.